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The term that describes the ability of machines to learn, think, and make decisions like humans is "Artificial Intelligence." This concept encompasses a broad range of technologies and methods that enable computers and systems to simulate human cognitive functions. Artificial intelligence includes various subfields, such as machine learning, where systems improve their performance based on data input, but it extends beyond that to include reasoning, problem-solving, and understanding natural language.

While machine learning is a vital component of AI, it specifically refers to the techniques that enable machines to learn from data. Data processing pertains to the manipulation of data, but it does not imply any cognitive abilities. Robotics focuses more on the physical aspects and automation of tasks, which may utilize AI but is not synonymous with the broader concept of simulating human intelligence. Thus, "Artificial Intelligence" accurately describes the overarching capacity of machines to mimic human-like thinking and decision-making processes.